The Industrial Revolution, which began in the late 18th century, brought about major changes in the way the world produced goods. The steam engine, fueled by burning coal, enabled faster and more efficient mass production. However, this revolution also marked the beginning of a sharp increase in the use of fossil fuels and exploitation of natural resources. With the rapid development of industry, the need for durable, lightweight, and cheap materials increased, driving the use of virgin-based plastics such as petroleum.Over time, plastic production became massive and almost uncontrollable, creating serious environmental problems. Hard-to-break down plastic waste accumulates in landfills and oceans, damaging ecosystems and threatening

Marine life. The plastic production process itself produces significant greenhouse gas emissions, directly contributing to the greenhouse effect and global warming. This greenhouse effect causes an increase in the earth's temperature which triggers climate change, resulting in extreme weather phenomena, melting polar ice caps and rising sea levels. In response to these adverse impacts, the global community began to recognize the need for drastic changes in the way we manage resources and waste. This realization has led to international regulations that encourage the use of Post-Consumer Recycled (PCR) materials in plastic products. Regulations such as the European Green Deal and similar policies in Asia require

Manufacturers to reduce reliance on virgin plastics and increase the use of recycled materials. The aim of these regulations is to reduce carbon emissions, minimize environmental impacts, and support the transition to a circular economy, where materials can be reused and processed into new products. By making the use of PCR mandatory, the world is not only working to repair the damage done, but also ensuring that future industries operate more sustainably, protecting the planet for generations to come.